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A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.
Stress fractures can be described as small cracks in the bone, or hairline fractures. Stress fractures of the foot are sometimes called "march fractures" because of the injury's prevalence among heavily marching soldiers. [2] Stress fractures most frequently occur in weight-bearing bones of the lower extremities, such as the tibia and fibula ...
After bone fracture, blood cells accumulate adjacent to the injury site. Soon after fracture, blood vessels constrict, stopping further bleeding. Within a few hours, the extravascular blood cells form a clot called a hematoma [ 5 ] that acts as a template for callus formation.
Buck's traction, involving skin traction. It is widely used for femoral fractures, low back pain, acetabular fractures and hip fractures. [2] Skin traction rarely causes fracture reduction, but reduces pain and maintains the length of the bone. [2] Dunlop's traction – humeral fractures in children; Russell's traction; Halo-gravity traction
A bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. [1]
Total hip replacement is most commonly used to treat joint failure caused by osteoarthritis.Other indications include rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, traumatic arthritis, protrusio acetabuli, [5] certain hip fractures, benign and malignant bone tumors, [6] arthritis associated with Paget's disease, [7] ankylosing spondylitis [8] and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. [9]
Hip fractures are responsible for the most serious consequences of osteoporosis. In the United States, more than 250,000 hip fractures annually are attributable to osteoporosis. [192] A 50-year-old white woman is estimated to have a 17.5% lifetime risk of fracture of the proximal femur. The incidence of hip fractures increases each decade from ...
The surgery is performed by arthroscopy, after the joint is cleaned of calcified cartilage. Through use of an awl, the surgeon creates tiny fractures in the subchondral bone plate. [10] Blood and bone marrow (which contains stem cells) seep out of the fractures, creating a blood clot that releases cartilage-building cells.
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