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Malathion is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, a diverse family of chemicals.Upon uptake into the target organism, it binds irreversibly to the serine residue in the active catalytic site of the cholinesterase enzyme.
Symptoms of exposure to this type of compound include cholinesterase inhibition, miosis, frontal headache, increased bronchial secretion, nausea, vomiting, sweating, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, lacrimation, increased salivation, bradycardia, cyanosis and muscular twitching of the eyelids, tongue, face and neck, possibly progressing to convulsions.
Toxic encephalopathy is a neurologic disorder caused by exposure to neurotoxic organic solvents such as toluene, following exposure to heavy metals such as manganese, as a side effect of melarsoprol treatment for African trypanosomiasis, adverse effects to prescription drugs, or exposure to extreme concentrations of any natural toxin such as cyanotoxins found in shellfish or freshwater ...
The effects of early-life exposures to anesthesia on the brain in humans are controversial. Evidence from nonhuman primate research suggests significant developmental neurotoxicity and long-term social impairment, with a dose–response relationship where repeated exposures cause a more severe impact than single ones.
Isomalathion is an impurity found in some batches of malathion. Whereas the structure of malation is, generically, RSP(S)(OCH 3) 2, the connectivity of isomalathion is RSPO(SCH 3)(OCH 3). It arises by heating malathion. Being significantly more toxic to humans than malathion, it has resulted in human poisonings. [1]
If one is regularly using carbamate and organophosphate pesticides, it is important to obtain a baseline cholinesterase test. [25] [26] Cholinesterase is an important enzyme of the nervous system, and these chemical groups kill pests and potentially injure or kill humans by inhibiting cholinesterase. If one has had a baseline test and later ...
Malathion: Malathion USB, ~ EC, Cythion, maldison, mercaptothion Organophosphate >8 fl oz/acre (58 L/km 2) ⇒ 5.5 days Malathion is highly toxic to bees and other beneficial insects, some fish, and other aquatic life. Malathion is moderately toxic to other fish and birds, and is considered low in toxicity to mammals. [40] Highly toxic ...
Mu receptors have an analgesic effect on the brain, and are found in various parts of the nervous system including the cerebral cortex and thalamus. [16] They can be found in the nucleus accumbens, the pleasure centre of the brain, as well as the amygdala. [16] Kappa receptors, in the hypothalamus, produce a similar analgesic effect.