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Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
The human musculoskeletal system is made up of the bones of the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, [1] tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together. The musculoskeletal system's primary functions include supporting the body, allowing motion, and protecting vital organs. [2]
The functions of skeletal muscle include producing movement, maintaining body posture, controlling body temperature, and stabilizing joints. [8] Skeletal muscle is also an endocrine organ . [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Under different physiological conditions, subsets of 654 different proteins as well as lipids, amino acids, metabolites and small RNAs ...
Cartilage growth thus refers to the matrix deposition, but can also refer to both the growth and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Due to the great stress on the patellofemoral joint during resisted knee extension, the articular cartilage of the patella is among the thickest in the human body.
Understanding human physiology is essential for diagnosing and treating health conditions and promoting overall wellbeing. It seeks to understand the mechanisms that work to keep the human body alive and functioning, [ 4 ] through scientific enquiry into the nature of mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans, their organs, and ...
"The ground tissue of plants includes all tissues that are neither dermal nor vascular. It can be divided into three types based on the nature of the cell walls. This tissue system is present between the dermal tissue and forms the main bulk of the plant body. Parenchyma cells have thin primary walls and usually remain alive after they become ...
Muscle cells (myocytes) form the active contractile tissue of the body. Muscle tissue functions to produce force and cause motion, either locomotion or movement within internal organs. Muscle is formed of contractile filaments and is separated into three main types; smooth muscle, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.
Their ability to maintain skeletal muscle number and size during disuse is of significant importance. [citation needed] During hibernation, bears spend 4–7 months of inactivity and anorexia without undergoing muscle atrophy and protein loss. [32] A few known factors contribute to the sustaining of muscle tissue.