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Toponymy, toponymics, or toponomastics is the study of toponyms (proper names of places, also known as place names and geographic names), including their origins, meanings, usage and types.
In geographic information systems, toponym resolution is the relationship process between a toponym, i.e. the mention of a place, and an unambiguous spatial footprint of the same place. [ 1 ] The places mentioned in digitized text collections constitute a rich data source for researchers in many disciplines.
A change might see a completely different name being adopted or may only be a slight change in spelling. Some names are changed locally but the new names are not recognised by other countries, especially when there is a difference in language. Other names may not be officially recognised but remain in common use.
Essays and studies: by members of the English Association. 1: 7– 41. ISSN 1359-1746. Wikidata Q107730082. K. Cameron, A Dictionary of British Place Names (2003). R Coates, Toponymic Topics - Essays on the early toponymy of the British Isles. E. Ekwall, The Oxford English Dictionary of English Place-Names, Oxford University Press, Fourth ...
Oronym (toponymy), a type of toponym, designating a proper name of a mountain or hill Same-sounding phrases , phrases that are pronounced similarly due to various homophonic effects See also
transonymization of anthroponyms into toponyms, a process when a human proper name is used to form a toponym (proper name of a locality; place name), thus creating an anthropotoponym, like when the name of Alexander the Great was used to create several astionyms (city names), including name for the newly created city of Alexandria in the ...
Original mapping by John Snow showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854, which is a classical case of using human geography. Human geography or anthropogeography is the branch of geography which studies spatial relationships between human communities, cultures, economies, and their interactions with the environment, examples of which include urban sprawl and urban ...
Great Britain and Ireland have a very varied toponymy due to the different settlement patterns, political and linguistic histories. In addition to the old and modern varieties of English, Scottish and Irish Gaelic and Welsh, many other languages and cultures have influenced geographical names including Anglo-Normans, Anglo-Saxons, Romans and Vikings.