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OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool.. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections.
[4] and by BMW. The Motronic 1.1 and 1.3 systems are largely similar, the main improvement being the increased diagnostic capabilities of Motronic 1.3. The 1.3 ECM can store many more detailed fault codes than 1.1, and has a permanent 12-volt feed from the vehicle's battery which allows it to log intermittent faults in memory across several trips.
When the MIL is lit, the engine control unit stores a fault code related to the malfunction, which can be retrieved—although in many models this requires the use of a scan tool. This warning light can indicate almost anything from a loose gas cap to a serious knock or fault in the engine. [4]
Simple fault code readers/reset tools are mostly aimed at the consumer level. Professional hand-held scan tools may possess more advanced functions Access more advanced diagnostics; Set manufacturer- or vehicle-specific ECU parameters; Access and control other control units, such as air bag or ABS
For example: a 16-bit Short Serial Message Format transmits a 16 bit message across 16 Fast Channel message "frames". The message consists of: a 4 bit Message ID, 8 bits of data, and a 4 bit CRC code. It's encoded by bit 3 (the MSB) of the Status nibble being 1 for the first frame of the message, and zero for the following 15 frames.
The G450X uses BMW Motorrad's proprietary 10-pin round diagnostic connector. The KMS-K16 engine management system is fully OBD-II enabled, with all conventional fault-diagnostic functions. The motorcycle is compatible with BMW's own workshop diagnostic equipment, and is also supported by the Hex Innovate GS-911 diagnostic module.
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Engine control unit is also called: . PCM: Power-train control module (Ford, GM, JLR) ECM: Engine control module; Injection control unit (Peugeot, [2] Citroën, Fiat, Alfa, Lancia)