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P wave and S wave from seismograph Velocity of seismic waves in Earth versus depth. [1] The negligible S-wave velocity in the outer core occurs because it is liquid, while in the solid inner core the S-wave velocity is non-zero. A seismic wave is a mechanical wave of acoustic energy that travels through the Earth or another planetary body.
Seismology (/ s aɪ z ˈ m ɒ l ə dʒ i, s aɪ s-/; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (seismós) meaning "earthquake" and -λογία (-logía) meaning "study of") is the scientific study of earthquakes (or generally, quakes) and the generation and propagation of elastic waves through planetary bodies.
Dispersive body waves is an important aspect of seismic theory. When a wave propagates through subsurface materials both energy dissipation and velocity dispersion takes place. Energy dissipation is frequency dependent and causes decreased resolution of the seismic images when recorded in seismic prospecting. The attendant dispersion is a ...
Those seismic waves are like ripples on a pond, the USGS said. The earthquake will be strongest at its epicenter, the point on the surface directly above where the quake started, and the effects ...
By analysing seismic waves generated by earthquakes, the velocity structure can be studied which can reflect the subsurface condition where the seismic wave propagated. Receiver Function Analysis Receiver function analysis is a seismic method that interprets waveform data to study the conversions and reflections of seismic waves at subsurface ...
The two types of seismic body waves are compressional waves and shear waves . Both have speeds that are determined by the elastic properties of the medium they travel through, in particular the bulk modulus K, the shear modulus μ, and the density ρ. In terms of these parameters, the P-wave speed v p and the S-wave speed v s are
The existence of the low-velocity zone was first proposed from the observation of slower than expected seismic wave arrivals from earthquakes in 1959 by Beno Gutenberg. [6] He noted that between 1° and 15° from the epicenter the longitudinal arrivals showed an exponential decrease in amplitude after which they showed a sudden large increase.
V p is the symbol for the velocity of a seismic "P" (primary or pressure) wave passing through rock, while V s is the symbol for the velocity of the "S" (secondary or shear) wave. Small-scale laboratory experiments have shown that the ratio of these two velocities – represented as V p / V s – changes when rock is near the point of fracturing.