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1-Heptanol is an alcohol with a seven carbon chain and the structural formula of CH 3 (CH 2) 6 OH. [1] It is a clear colorless liquid that is very slightly soluble in water, but miscible with ether and ethanol .
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.
The Guerbet reaction, named after Marcel Guerbet (1861–1938), is an organic reaction that converts a primary alcohol into its β-alkylated dimer alcohol with loss of one equivalent of water. The process is of interest because it converts simple inexpensive feedstocks into more valuable products.
Tertiary alcohols (R 1 R 2 R 3 C−OH) are resistant to oxidation. The direct oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids normally proceeds via the corresponding aldehyde, which is transformed via an aldehyde hydrate (R−CH(OH) 2) by reaction with water before it can be further oxidized to the carboxylic acid. Mechanism of oxidation of ...
The reaction is often carried out without a solvent (particularly when a large reagent excess of the alcohol reagent is used) or in a non-polar solvent (e.g. toluene, hexane) that can facilitate Dean–Stark distillation to remove the water byproduct. [4] Typical reaction times vary from 1–10 hours at temperatures of 60–110 °C.
Transesterification is the process of exchanging the organic functional group R″ of an ester with the organic group R' of an alcohol. These reactions are often catalyzed by the addition of an acid or base catalyst. [1] Strong acids catalyze the reaction by donating a proton to the carbonyl group, thus making it a more potent electrophile.
Heptanal reacts with benzaldehyde in a Knoevenagel reaction under basic catalysis with high yield and selectivity (> 90%) to jasminaldehyde, [11] [2] which is mostly used in fragrances for its jasmine-like aroma as a cis/trans isomer mixture. [12] A by-product of the given reaction is the unpleasant rancid smelling (Z)-2-pentyl-2-nonenal. [13]
Heptanol may refer to any isomeric alcohols with the formula C 7 H 16 O: . 1-Heptanol, an alcohol with a seven carbon chain and the structural formula of CH 3 (CH 2) 6 OH; 2-Heptanol, a secondary alcohol with the hydroxyl on the second carbon of the straight seven-carbon chain