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In the philosophy of mind, multiple realizability is the thesis that the same mental property, state, or event can be implemented by different physical properties, states, or events. Philosophers of mind have used multiple realizability to argue that mental states are not the same as — and cannot be reduced to — physical states.
Metaphysical pluralism in philosophy is the multiplicity of metaphysical models of the structure and content of reality, both as it appears and as logic dictates that it might be, [3] as is exhibited by the four related models in Plato's Republic [4] and as developed in the contrast between phenomenalism and physicalism.
As all physical states (i.e. brain states) are quantum states, their associated mental states should be also. Nonetheless, it is not what one experiences within physical reality. [citation needed] Albert and Loewer argue that the mind must be intrinsically different than the physical reality as described by quantum theory. [6]
The existence of multiple realities: Making sense of a world far more complex than we originally imagined; Becoming humble knowledge workers: Understanding our location in the tangled web of reality; Standpoint epistemology: Locating ourselves in the web of reality, we are better equipped to produce our own knowledge
Model-dependent realism is a view of scientific inquiry that focuses on the role of scientific models of phenomena. [1] It claims reality should be interpreted based upon these models, and where several models overlap in describing a particular subject, multiple, equally valid, realities exist.
Metaphysical nihilism is the philosophical theory that there might have been no objects at all—that is, that there is a possible world in which there are no objects at all; or at least that there might have been no concrete objects at all, so that even if every possible world contains some objects, there is at least one that contains only abstract objects.
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The book discusses a number of philosophical and physical ideas on the true role of time in the Universe. The text is roughly divided into two halves, the first one written by Unger, and the second by Smolin, both developing the same themes in different ways, with Smolin being more focused on the physics.