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Just like blood testing, saliva testing detects the presence of parent drugs and not their inactive metabolites. This results in a shorter window of detection for cannabis by saliva testing. [23] Delta 9 THC is the parent compound. If a saliva sample is tested in a lab, the detection level can be as low as 0.5 ng/mL (up to 72 hours after intake ...
Over time, the marijuana gateway hypothesis has been studied more and more. In one published study, the use of marijuana was shown not a reliable gateway cause of illicit drug use. [68] However, social factors and environment influence drug use and abuse, making the gateway effects of cannabis different for those in differing social circumstances.
A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
A 2022 study published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology found that participants given oral cannabis (the lab-grade alternative to an edible) showed low blood THC concentration at the height of ...
[64] 11-OH-THC is the first metabolic product in this pathway. Both Delta-9-THC and 11-OH-THC are psychoactive. The metabolism of THC into 11-OH-THC plays a part in the heightened psychoactive effects of edible cannabis. [65] Next, 11-OH-THC is metabolized in the liver into 11-COOH-THC, which is the second metabolic product of THC.
Then, THC levels drop rapidly to less than 2 nanograms per milliliter of blood after about four hour. It takes around eight hours to reach similarly low concentrations of THC after taking an edible.
[23] [33] THC is detectable within seconds with inhalation and peak levels of THC occur after 3 to 10 minutes. [3] [33] Smoking or inhaling THC results in greater blood levels of THC and its metabolites and a much faster onset of action than oral administration of THC.
In 1620, Johann Jakob Wepfer, by studying the brain of a pig, developed the theory that stroke was caused by an interruption of the flow of blood to the brain. [6] [page needed] After that, the focus became how to treat patients with stroke. [citation needed] For most of the last century, people were discouraged from being active after a stroke.