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  2. Covert prestige - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covert_prestige

    Covert prestige refers to the relatively high value placed towards a non-standard form of a variety in a speech community. This concept was pioneered by the linguist William Labov, in his study of New York City English speakers that while high linguistic prestige is usually more associated with standard forms of language, this pattern also implies that a similar one should exist for working ...

  3. Prestige (sociolinguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestige_(sociolinguistics)

    [6] [7] There are thus the concepts of overt and covert prestige. Overt prestige is related to standard and "formal" language features, and expresses power and status; covert prestige is related more to vernacular and often patois, and expresses solidarity, community and group identity more than authority. [8]

  4. William Labov - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Labov

    William David Labov (/ l ə ˈ b oʊ v / lə-BOHV; [1] [2] December 4, 1927 – December 17, 2024) was an American linguist widely regarded as the founder of the discipline of variationist sociolinguistics.

  5. Murray's system of needs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray's_system_of_needs

    In 1938, the American psychologist Henry Murray developed a system of needs as part of his theory of personality, which he named personology.Murray argued that everyone had a set of universal basic needs, with individual differences among these needs leading to the uniqueness of personality through varying dispositional tendencies for each need; in other words, a specific need is more ...

  6. Linguistic marketplace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_marketplace

    On the standard linguistic market, standard languages usually enjoy more value due to the high overt prestige associated with them while on linguistic markets that value non-standard varieties, vernaculars can also enjoy a higher value.

  7. Marta Dynel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marta_Dynel

    Marta Dynel received her PhD (2006) from the University of Łódź, followed by habilitation (dr Litt.) in 2012 and a full professor degree in 2022.She is affiliated with the University of Łódź and Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, holding two research fellow positions.

  8. NY Democrat running for Stefanik’s House seat once ridiculed ...

    www.aol.com/news/ny-democrat-running-stefanik...

    The Dem vying for the House seat vacated by former New York Rep. Elise Stefanik once ridiculed his upstate constituents as too lazy and too boozed-up to work for him compared to migrants ...

  9. Elyse Graham - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elyse_Graham

    She observed that for natives, the New York accent carries what sociolinguist Kara Becker calls “covert prestige”. [6] In A Unified Theory of Cats on the Internet, Graham described "how japonisme, punk culture, cute culture, and the battle among different communities for the soul of the internet informed the sensibility of online felines ...