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  2. Caudal anaesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caudal_anaesthesia

    Caudal anaesthesia is a relatively low-risk technique [4] commonly used, either on its own or in combination with sedation or general anaesthesia. [3] [5]Caudal anesthesia may be favored for sub-umbilical region surgeries in the pediatric population, such as inguinal hernia repair, circumcision, hypospadias repair, anal atresia, or to immobilise newborns with hip dysplasia.

  3. Hypospadias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias

    Hypospadias repair is done under general anesthesia, most often supplemented by a nerve block to the penis or a caudal block to reduce the general anesthesia needed, and to minimize discomfort after surgery. [citation needed] Many techniques have been used during the past 100 years to extend the urinary channel to the desired location.

  4. Neuraxial blockade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuraxial_blockade

    Neuraxial blockade is local anaesthesia placed around the nerves of the central nervous system, such as spinal anaesthesia, caudal anaesthesia, epidural anaesthesia, and combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia. [1] [2] The technique is used in surgery, obstetrics, and for postoperative and chronic pain relief. [3]

  5. Epidural administration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural_administration

    Medical intervention Epidural administration A freshly inserted lumbar epidural catheter. The site has been prepared with tincture of iodine, and the dressing has not yet been applied. Depth markings may be seen along the shaft of the catheter. ICD-9-CM 03.90 MeSH D000767 OPS-301 code 8-910 [edit on Wikidata] Epidural administration (from Ancient Greek ἐπί, "upon" + dura mater) is a method ...

  6. History of neuraxial anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_neuraxial...

    Rather than removing the caudal needle after the injection as was customary, the two surgeons experimented with a continuous caudal infusion of local anesthetic. Hingson then collaborated with Edwards, the chief obstetrician at the Marine Hospital, to study the use of continuous caudal anesthesia for analgesia during childbirth. Hingson and ...

  7. Zona incerta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zona_incerta

    a caudal sector made up of small and medium-sized somata that are either multipolar, fusiform or rounded in shape, together with a group of very large multipolar-shaped cells located medially. This is sometimes called the motor part of the zona incerta nucleus. [ 10 ]

  8. Somite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somite

    The wave is a gradient of the fibroblast growth factor protein that is rostral to caudal (nose to tail gradient). Somites form one after the other down the length of the embryo from the head to the tail, with each new somite forming on the caudal (tail) side of the previous one. [5] [6] The timing of the interval is not universal.

  9. Ganglion impar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganglion_impar

    The indications for ganglion impar blockade are based on the anatomical location of pain and include various conditions such as perineal pain (with or without malignancy), rectal/anal pain (proctitis), distal urethral pain, vulvodynia, scrotal pain, female pelvic/vaginal pain (distal 1/3), sympathetically-maintained pain (e.g., Complex Regional ...