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Gypsum is a common mineral, with thick and extensive evaporite beds in association with sedimentary rocks. Deposits are known to occur in strata from as far back as the Archaean eon . [ 16 ] Gypsum is deposited from lake and sea water, as well as in hot springs , from volcanic vapors, and sulfate solutions in veins .
The two mining operations were consolidated under the control of one company, the Waratah Gypsum Pty Ltd, at a time during the late 1920s or the 1930s. It is reported that six million tonnes (6,000,000 long tons) of gypsum was extracted from sites at Marion, Inneston and Spider Lakes between the years 1905 and 1973.
Retreat mining is a particularly dangerous form of mining. According to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), pillar recovery mining has been historically responsible for 25% of American coal mining deaths caused by failures of the roof or walls, even though it represents only 10% of the coal mining industry. [13]
A leaking phosphogypsum waste pond that nearly collapsed, if waste was not allowed to flow into Tampa Bay in Florida in 2021, highlights the dangers and near-disasters associated with wastewater ponds throughout the country. [21] Central Florida has a large quantity of phosphate deposits, particularly in the Bone Valley region. The marine ...
Mapping the Michigan Natural Storage Gypsum Mine Using a Geological Information System ; Alabastine Mine (with photos) CHAPTER XXXVIII: GYPSUM AND PLASTER OF PARIS. - Baxter, Albert, History of the City of Grand Rapids, New York and Grand Rapids: Munsell & Company, Publishers, 1891. (Name Index)
Rhodes' mining operation closed in 2005. [19] [20] As of 2008, BPB operated a processing plant at Blue Diamond Hill, for gypsum that was shipped in from Arizona. [11] Rhodes' residential project received opposition, and he resumed gypsum mining on his property around 2011, while still trying to get the housing proposal approved. [19]
The gypsum deposit at Lake MacDonnell is the largest in the Southern Hemisphere. Gypsum has been mined at Lake MacDonnell since 1919. [3] Since 1984 the mine has been owned by Gypsum Resources Australia (GRA), which is owned 50% each by USG Boral (itself a 50–50 joint venture of USG Corporation and Boral) and CSR Limited.
Mining of sulfur from a deposit at the edge of Ijen's crater lake, Indonesia. Mining is the extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory.