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A comparison of tax rates by countries is difficult and somewhat subjective, ... (first €8,700 per year is tax free) 49.5% [172] 21% (standard rate)
The quoted income tax rate is, except where noted, the top rate of tax: most jurisdictions have lower rate of taxes for low levels of income. Some countries also have lower rates of corporation tax for smaller companies. In 1980, the top rates of most European countries were above 60%. Today most European countries have rates below 50%. [1]
Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. [2]
In the vast majority of countries, citizenship is completely irrelevant for taxation. Very few countries tax the foreign income of nonresident citizens in general: Eritrea taxes the foreign income of its nonresident citizens at a reduced flat rate of 2% (income tax rates for local income are progressive from 2 to 30%).
The Laffer curve assumes that no tax revenue is raised at the extreme tax rates of 0% and 100%, meaning that there is a tax rate between 0% and 100% that maximizes government tax revenue. [ a ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Country or territory National tax rate Subnational jurisdictions Subnational tax rate Subnational jurisdictions Subnational tax rate Denmark [30] progressive: all municipalities [e] 23.4 to 26.3% [f] — — Faroe Islands [32] progressive: all municipalities: 16 to 21.5% [f] — — Finland [33] [g] progressive: mainland municipalities: 4.7 to ...
A country's tax environment is considered as more attractive, the more the value of the index approaches one. The T.A.X. is an alternative measurement to the statutory tax rate, and can be considered to be a more accurate proxy for a country's tax environment. Many high tax countries, especially in Europe, offer extremely favorable tax conditions.
A statutory tax rate is the legally imposed rate. An income tax could have multiple statutory rates for different income levels, where a sales tax may have a flat statutory rate. [2] The statutory tax rate is expressed as a percentage and will always be higher than the effective tax rate. [3]