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Prostatectomy (from the Greek προστάτης prostátēs, "prostate" and ἐκτομή ektomē, "excision") is the surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland. This operation is done for benign conditions that cause urinary retention, as well as for prostate cancer and for other cancers of the pelvis .
A 2019 Cochrane review of 59 studies that included 8924 men with urinary symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. [4] This review found that bipolar and monopolar TURP probably results in comparable improvements in urinary symptoms, as well as a similar erectile function , the incidence of urinary incontinence, and the need for retreatment.
A pessary is a plastic or silicone device that may be used for women with pelvic organ prolapse. Vaginal pessaries can immediately relieve prolapse and prolapse-related symptoms. [25] This treatment is useful for individuals who do not want to have surgery or are unable to have surgery due to the risk of the procedure.
The most distal prolapse is between 1 cm above and 1 cm below the hymen (at least one point is −1, 0, or +1). 3: The most distal prolapse is more than 1 cm below the hymen but no further than 2 cm less than TVL. 4: Represents complete procidentia or vault eversion; the most distal prolapse protrudes to at least (TVL−2) cm.
Pelvic exenteration involves removal of all of the pelvic organs. [3] These include the urinary bladder, urethra, rectum, and anus. In women, the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and, in some cases, the vulva are removed. In men, the prostate is removed.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also called prostate enlargement, is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. [1] Symptoms may include frequent urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, inability to urinate, or loss of bladder control. [1]
Bladder spasms, painful contractions of the bladder, can cause leakage from the stoma or the urethra [30] and may need to be treated with medication called an antispasmodic. [33] Urinary tract infections: Urinary tract infections can be a concern in people who use catheters due to incomplete emptying or catheter contamination from the hands. [25]
Rectal prolapse is a condition in which part of the wall or the entire wall of the rectum falls out of place. Rectal prolapse can be a medical emergency. In some cases, the rectum may protrude. Symptoms of a rectal prolapse may be: Leakage of stool; Bleeding, anal pain, itching, irritation; Tissue that protrudes from the rectum