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Gardner's sleep recovery was observed by sleep researchers who noted changes in sleep structure during post-deprivation recovery. [10] [11] After completing his record, Gardner slept for 14 hours and 46 minutes, awoke naturally around 8:40 p.m., and stayed awake until about 7:30 p.m. the next day, when he slept an additional ten and a half ...
Lack of sleep amplifies anxiety in people who already experience increased levels of worry. [42] A survey of college students in 2018 showed 63% of students felt "overwhelming anxiety." Depression has also been linked to sleeplessness. In a study of 1,000 young adults those with sleep issues were four times more likely to develop depression. [43]
After going through stages of REM-sleep, people with depression report feeling better, in a study done by Cartwright et al. [40] Conversely, a theory proposed by Revonsuo [41] states that when people experience negative emotions or negative events, when they sleep the REM-sleep replays such events, which is known as rehearsal. [39]
According to a 2000 study, sleep deprivation can have some of the same hazardous effects as being drunk. [46] People who drove after being awake for 17–19 hours performed worse than those with a blood alcohol level of 0.05 percent, which is the legal limit for drunk driving in most western European countries and Australia.
Sleep deprivation also has a documented effect on the ability to acquire new memories for subsequent consolidation. A study done on mice that were sleep deprived before learning a new skill but allowed to rest afterward displayed a similar number of errors on later trials as the mice that were sleep deprived only after the initial learning. [46]
The response rate to sleep deprivation is generally agreed to be approximately 40-60%. A 2017 meta-analysis of 66 sleep studies with partial or total sleep deprivation in the treatment of depression found that the overall response rate (immediate relief of symptoms) to total sleep deprivation was 50.4% of individuals, and the response rate to partial sleep deprivation was 53.1% [3] In 2009, a ...
Misalignments of the body's circadian pacemaker with the environment (e.g., jet lag, shift work, or other circadian rhythm sleep disorders) [7] Another underlying sleep disorder, such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea, [8] idiopathic hypersomnia, or restless legs syndrome; Disorders such as clinical depression or atypical depression [medical citation ...
The ontogeny of sleep is the study of sleep across different age groups of a species, particularly during development and aging. Among mammals, infants sleep the longest. [44] Human babies have 8 hours of REM sleep and 8 hours of NREM sleep on an average.
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