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Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a form of white-matter brain injury, characterized by the necrosis (more often coagulation) of white matter near the lateral ventricles. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can affect newborns and (less commonly) fetuses; premature infants are at the greatest risk of neonatal encephalopathy which may lead to this condition.
Head CT showing periventricular white matter lesions. Leukoaraiosis is a particular abnormal change in appearance of white matter near the lateral ventricles. It is often seen in aged individuals, but sometimes in young adults. [1] [2] On MRI, leukoaraiosis changes appear as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in T2 FLAIR images.
Alexander disease is a genetic disorder affecting the midbrain and cerebellum of the central nervous system.It is caused by mutations in the gene for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) [4] [5] [6] that maps to chromosome 17q21.
Spastic quadriplegia can be caused by a condition known as periventricular leukomalacia which results in the formation of lesions and holes in the white matter of the brain. [citation needed] Prior to the 26th week of maturation, the fetal brain is particularly susceptible to various toxins whose effects can ultimately hinder normal development.
Periventricular means around the ventricle and may refer to: Periventricular leukomalacia , a disease characterized by the death of the white matter near the cerebral ventricles Periventricular nucleus , a composite structure of the hypothalamus
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) intraventricular hemorrhage; Hydrocephalus; schizencephaly; microgyria; microcephaly; Pierre-Robin syndrome; Neurofibromatosis; Often colpocephaly occurs as a result of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles or in the subarachnoid space over the brain ...
A CT of leukoencephalopathy. Leukoencephalopathy (leukodystrophy-like diseases) is a term that describes all of the brain white matter diseases, whether their molecular cause is known or unknown. [1]
Features that can be seen on MRI brain are: periventricular leukomalacia, basal ganglia and thalamus lesions, and multicystic encephalopathy. [13] Besides that, diffusion MRI would show low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the first seven days of life. This is followed by pseudonormalisation of ADC values (normalisation of ADC ...