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Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterial species of the spirochete class in the genus Borrelia, and is one of the causative agents of Lyme disease in humans. [1] [2] Along with a few similar genospecies, some of which also cause Lyme disease, it makes up the species complex of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.
Eight are known to cause Lyme disease or Borreliosis. [6] The major Borrelia species causing Lyme disease are Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia garinii. [23] All species that cause Lyme disease are referred to collectively as B. burgdorferi sensu lato, [10] while B. burgdorferi itself is specified as B. burgdorferi sensu stricto.
Why some people recover from Lyme disease, while others experience months, years or even decades of chronic symptoms has long puzzled doctors. Why Lyme disease symptoms go away quickly for some ...
Lyme disease is an infection caused by spiral-shaped bacteria known as spirochete, the most common ones in the U.S. being Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia mayonii, Dr. Bobbi Pritt, a Mayo Clinic ...
Stage 2 symptoms happen next, and may include:. Rashes on other parts of your body. A stiff or painful neck. Muscle weakness on one or both sides of your face. Irregular heartbeat
In contrast to these recognized medical conditions, the promotion of chronic Lyme disease has been accused of being health fraud. [17] In many cases there is no objective evidence that people who believe they have chronic Lyme have ever been infected with Lyme disease: standard diagnostic tests for infection are often negative. [2] [21]
This rash was known as erythema chronicum migrans, the skin rash found in early-stage Lyme disease. [ 18 ] In the 1920s, French physicians Garin and Bujadoux described a patient with meningoencephalitis, painful sensory radiculitis, and erythema migrans following a tick bite, and they postulated the symptoms were due to a spirochetal infection.