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Lens flare on Borobudur stairs to enhance the sense of ascending. A lens flare is often deliberately used to invoke a sense of drama. A lens flare is also useful when added to an artificial or modified image composition because it adds a sense of realism, implying that the image is an un-edited original photograph of a "real life" scene.
[2] [4] The image artifacts usually appear as either white or semi-transparent circles, though may also occur with whole or partial color spectra, purple fringing or other chromatic aberration. With rain droplets, an image may capture light passing through the droplet creating a small rainbow effect. [6]
An object may be not transparent either because it reflects the incoming light or because it absorbs the incoming light. Almost all solids reflect a part and absorb a part of the incoming light. When light falls onto a block of metal , it encounters atoms that are tightly packed in a regular lattice and a " sea of electrons " moving randomly ...
For the simplified scenario of visible light travelling from air (n 0 ≈ 1.0) into common glass (n S ≈ 1.5), the value of R is 0.04, or 4%, on a single reflection. So at most 96% of the light (T = 1 − R = 0.96) actually enters the glass, and the rest is reflected from the surface. The amount of light reflected is known as the reflection loss.
Since the focal length of the lens varies with the color of the light different colors of light are brought to focus at different distances from the lens or with different levels of magnification. Chromatic aberration manifests itself as "fringes" of color along boundaries that separate dark and bright parts of the image.
Caustics produced by a glass of water, visible as patches of light Cardioid caustic at the bottom of a teacup Caustics made by the surface of water Caustics in shallow water In optics , a caustic or caustic network [ 1 ] is the envelope of light rays which have been reflected or refracted by a curved surface or object, or the projection of that ...
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The developed and fixated diffraction patterns constitute a Bragg condition in which diffuse, white light is scattered in a specular fashion and undergoes constructive interference in accordance to Bragg's law. [8] The result is an image having very similar colours as the original using a black and white photographic process.