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Cell fusion is an important cellular process in which several uninucleate cells (cells with a single nucleus) combine to form a multinucleate cell, known as a syncytium. Cell fusion occurs during differentiation of myoblasts , osteoclasts and trophoblasts , during embryogenesis , and morphogenesis . [ 1 ]
Two or more organs working together in the execution of a specific body function form an organ system, also called a biological system or body system. An organ's tissues can be broadly categorized as parenchyma , the functional tissue, and stroma , the structural tissue with supportive, connective, or ancillary functions.
The exact components of a cell are determined by whether the cell is a eukaryote or prokaryote. [7] Nucleus (eukaryotic only): storage of genetic material; control center of the cell. Cytosol: component of the cytoplasm consisting of jelly-like fluid in which organelles are suspended within; Cell membrane (plasma membrane):
An organ system is a biological system consisting of a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. [1] Each organ has a specialized role in an organism body, and is made up of distinct tissues .
The DNA of a prokaryotic cell consists of a single circular chromosome that is in direct contact with the cytoplasm. The nuclear region in the cytoplasm is called the nucleoid. Most prokaryotes are the smallest of all organisms, ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 μm in diameter. [1] [page needed] A prokaryotic cell has three regions:
A licensing factor is a protein or complex of proteins that allows an origin of replication to begin DNA replication at that site. Licensing factors primarily occur in eukaryotic cells , since bacteria use simpler systems to initiate replication.
The entire surface of the plant consists of a single layer of cells called epidermis or surface tissue. The entire surface of the plant has this outer layer of the epidermis. Hence it is also called surface tissue. Most of the epidermal cells are relatively flat. The outer and lateral walls of the cell are often thicker than the inner walls.
Multicellular organisms arise in various ways, for example by cell division or by aggregation of many single cells. [4] [3] Colonial organisms are the result of many identical individuals joining together to form a colony. However, it can often be hard to separate colonial protists from true multicellular organisms, because the two concepts are ...