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  2. Vertical farming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_farming

    Lettuce grown in indoor vertical farming system. Vertical farming is the practice of growing crops in vertically and horizontally stacked layers. [1] It often incorporates controlled-environment agriculture, which aims to optimize plant growth, and soilless farming techniques such as hydroponics, aquaponics, and aeroponics. [1]

  3. Building-integrated agriculture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building-integrated...

    BIA systems may be integrated into commercial, educational, and residential buildings of varying sizes. Feasibility varies based on building size, climate, availability of light, and new build vs. retrofit. BIA farms are located on the building's envelope to make maximum use of normal light.

  4. Kratky method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratky_method

    The Kratky method is a passive hydroponic technique for growing plants suspended above a reservoir of nutrient-rich water. [1] Because it is a non-circulating technique, no additional inputs of water or nutrients are needed after the original application, and no electricity, pumps, or water and oxygen circulation systems are required. [2]

  5. Controlled-environment agriculture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-environment...

    The economics of indoor farming has been challenging, with high capital investment and energy operating costs [18] —particularly the price of electricity—and several startups shut down as a result. [32] A 2018 U.S. survey found only 51% of indoor farming operations profitable. [33]

  6. Hydroponics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroponics

    Because rotary hydroponic systems have a small size, they allow for more plant material to be grown per area of floor space than other traditional hydroponic systems. [56] Rotary hydroponic systems should be avoided in most circumstances, mainly because of their experimental nature and their high costs for finding, buying, operating, and ...

  7. Nutrient film technique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient_film_technique

    Plants placed into nutrient-rich water channels in an NFT system A home-built NFT hydroponic system. Nutrient film technique (NFT) is a hydroponic technique where in a very shallow stream of water containing all the dissolved nutrients required for plant growth is re-circulated past the bare roots of plants in a watertight gully, also known as channels.

  8. Ebb and flow hydroponics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebb_and_Flow_hydroponics

    Ebb and flow hydroponics is a form of hydroponics that is known for its simplicity, reliability of operation and low initial investment cost. Pots are filled with an inert medium which does not function like soil or contribute nutrition to the plants but which anchors the roots and functions as a temporary reserve of water and solvent mineral ...

  9. Passive hydroponics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_hydroponics

    Semi-Hydroponics (Semi-Hydro or S/H) was the first passive hydroponic technique utilized for orchids, originating in the early 1990s, using Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) as a medium in solid-bottomed containers, into which one or two, small-diameter holes were placed in the sidewall, setting the depth of the internal reservoir.