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Lithology is the basis of subdividing rock sequences into individual lithostratigraphic units for the purposes of mapping and correlation between areas. In certain applications, such as site investigations , lithology is described using a standard terminology such as in the European geotechnical standard Eurocode 7 .
Petrology (from Ancient Greek πέτρος (pétros) 'rock' and -λογία 'study of') is the branch of geology that studies rocks, their mineralogy, composition, texture, structure and the conditions under which they form. [1]
Classification and management of natural resources such as minerals and petroleum are classified using differing schemes. [4] [5] In 1997, UNECE published the United Nations Framework Classification for Reserves and Resources of Solid Fuels and Mineral Commodities (UNFC-1997) as a unifying international system for classifying solid minerals and fuels. [6]
Robert J. Dunham published his classification system for limestone in 1962. [2] The original Dunham classification system was developed in order to provide convenient depositional-texture based class names that focus attention on the textural properties that are most significant for interpreting the depositional environment of the rocks.
Petrology is the science of rocks: their mineralogy, textures, chemistry, classification, and structures. The main article for this category is Petrology . Contents
Petrography is a branch of petrology that focuses on detailed descriptions of rocks. Someone who studies petrography is called a petrographer. The mineral content and the textural relationships within the rock are described in detail. The classification of rocks is based on the information acquired during the petrographic analysis.
Lithology: A description of the rock's physical characteristics, such as grain size, composition and texture. [4] By studying the lithology of local geological outcrops and core samples, geoscientists can use a combination of log measurements, such as natural gamma, neutron, density and resistivity, [2] to determine the lithology down the well.
There are several classification systems for the economic evaluation of mineral deposits worldwide. The most commonly used schemes base on the International Reporting Template, [1] developed by the CRIRSCO – Committee for Mineral Reserves International Reporting Standards, like the Australian Joint Ore Reserves Committee – JORC Code 2012, [2] the Pan-European Reserves & Resources Reporting ...