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Aeolian processes are those processes of erosion, transport, and deposition of sediments that are caused by wind at or near the surface of the earth. [1] Sediment deposits produced by the action of wind and the sedimentary structures characteristic of these deposits are also described as aeolian. [5]
Aeolian landforms, or Eolian landforms, are produced by either the erosive or depositive action of wind. These features may be built up from sand or snow , [ 1 ] or eroded into rock, snow, or ice. Aeolian landforms are commonly observed in sandy deserts and on frozen lakes or sea ice and have been observed and studied around Earth and on other ...
The Sahara is the largest source of aeolian dust in the world, with annual production rates of about 400-700 x 10 6 tons/year, which is almost half of all aeolian desert inputs to the ocean. [2] Saharan dust is often produced by natural process such as wind storms and doesn't appear to be heavily impacted by human activities. [3]
Bioaerosol transport and distribution is not consistent around the globe. While bioaerosols may travel thousands of kilometers before deposition, their ultimate distance of travel and direction is dependent on meteorological, physical, and chemical factors. The branch of biology that studies the dispersal of these particles is called Aerobiology.
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.
The residence time on a biological timescale is estimated to be about 400 years, with each molecule of silica recycled 25 times before sediment burial. [ 20 ] Deep seafloor deposition is the largest long-term sink of the marine silica cycle (6.3 ± 3.6 Tmol Si year −1 ), and is roughly balanced by the sources of silica to the ocean. [ 15 ]
A lag deposit is the deposition of material winnowed by physical action. Aeolian processes, fluvial processes, and tidal processes can remove the finer portion of a sedimentary deposit leaving the coarser material behind. Lag deposits are found in processes such as central island formation in streams and rivers. [1]
Diagenesis (/ ˌ d aɪ. ə ˈ dʒ ɛ n ə s ɪ s /) is the process of physical and chemical changes in sediments first caused by water-rock interactions, microbial activity, and compaction after their deposition. Increased pressure and temperature only start to play a role as sediments become buried much deeper in the Earth's crust. [1]