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For froth flotation, an aqueous slurry of the ground ore is treated with the frothing agent. An example is sodium ethyl xanthate as a collector in the flotation of galena (lead sulfide) to separate it from sphalerite (zinc sulfide). The polar part of xanthate anion attaches to the ore particles and the non-polar hydrocarbon part forms a ...
In open-cell foam, gas pockets connect to each other. A bath sponge is an example of an open-cell foam: [not verified in body] water easily flows through the entire structure, displacing the air. A sleeping mat is an example of a product composed of closed-cell foam. [not verified in body] Foams are examples of dispersed media.
An example of properly steamed milk, considered ideal to pour latte art The basic requirements for formation of foam are an abundance of gas, water, a surfactant, and energy. [ citation needed ] The steam wand of an espresso machine supplies energy, in the form of heat, and gas, in the form of steam.
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
The bubble/foam-making process is irreversible and endothermic, i.e. it needs heat (e.g. from a melt process or the chemical exotherm due to cross-linking), to volatilize a liquid blowing agent. However, on cooling process, the blowing agent will condense, which is a reversible process. [2] [3]
A defoamer or an anti-foaming agent is a chemical additive that reduces and hinders the formation of foam in industrial process liquids. The terms anti-foam agent and defoamer are often used interchangeably. Strictly speaking, defoamers eliminate existing foam and anti-foamers prevent the formation of further foam.
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Most liquids freeze by crystallization, formation of crystalline solid from the uniform liquid. This is a first-order thermodynamic phase transition, which means that as long as solid and liquid coexist, the temperature of the whole system remains very nearly equal to the melting point due to the slow removal of heat when in contact with air, which is a poor heat conductor.