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The effect of the tert-butyl group on the progress of a chemical reaction is called the Thorpe–Ingold effect illustrated in the Diels-Alder reaction below. Compared to a hydrogen substituent, the tert-butyl substituent accelerates the reaction rate by a factor of 240. [2] tert-Butyl effect. The tert-butyl effect is an example of steric hindrance.
A bite by a North American copperhead on the ankle is usually a moderate injury to a healthy adult, but a bite to a child's abdomen or face by the same snake may be fatal. The outcome of all snakebites depends on a multitude of factors: the type of snake, the size, physical condition, and temperature of the snake, the age and physical condition ...
A dry bite is a bite by a venomous animal in which no venom is released. Dry snake bites are called "venomous snake bite without envenoming". [1] A dry bite from a snake can still be painful, and be accompanied by bleeding, inflammation, swelling and/or erythema. [2] It may also lead to infection, including tetanus. [2]
See: E-Z notation Violet leaf aldehyde, systematic name (E,Z)-nona-2,6-dienal, is a compound having one (E)- and one (Z)-configured double bond. The descriptors (E) (from German entgegen, 'opposite') and (Z) (from German zusammen, 'together') are used to provide a distinct description of the substitution pattern for alkenes, cumulenes or other double bond systems such as oximes.
Snake antivenom is a medication made up of antibodies used to treat snake bites by venomous snakes. [1] It is a type of antivenom . It is a biological product that typically consists of venom neutralizing antibodies derived from a host animal, such as a horse or sheep.
The repulsion between an axial t-butyl group and hydrogen atoms in the 1,3-diaxial position is so strong that the cyclohexane ring will revert to a twisted boat conformation. The strain in cyclic structures is usually characterized by deviations from ideal bond angles ( Baeyer strain ), ideal torsional angles ( Pitzer strain ) or transannular ...
Duke Health is a trial site for a drug that could be the first universal antivenom to treat any kind of snake bite — including North Carolina’s ubiquitous copperhead.
The king brown snake is classified as a snake of medical importance by the World Health Organization. [47] [a] The king brown snake can bite repeatedly and chew to envenomate a victim. [48] Considerable pain, swelling, and tissue damage often occur at the site of a king brown snake bite. [43] Local necrosis has been recorded. [49]