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This is the minimum number of crossings among all drawings of this graph, so the graph has crossing number cr(G) = 3. In graph theory, the crossing number cr(G) of a graph G is the lowest number of edge crossings of a plane drawing of the graph G. For instance, a graph is planar if and only if its crossing number is zero. Determining the ...
Let X be a Riemann surface.Then the intersection number of two closed curves on X has a simple definition in terms of an integral. For every closed curve c on X (i.e., smooth function :), we can associate a differential form of compact support, the Poincaré dual of c, with the property that integrals along c can be calculated by integrals over X:
A graph with intersection number four. The four shaded regions indicate cliques that cover all the edges of the graph. An alternative definition of the intersection number of a graph is that it is the smallest number of cliques in (complete subgraphs of ) that together cover all of the edges of .
If the point is on the inside of the polygon then it will intersect the edge an odd number of times. The status of a point on the edge of the polygon depends on the details of the ray intersection algorithm. This algorithm is sometimes also known as the crossing number algorithm or the even–odd rule algorithm, and was known as early as 1962. [3]
The line graph of a graph G is defined as the intersection graph of the edges of G, where we represent each edge as the set of its two endpoints. A string graph is the intersection graph of curves on a plane. A graph has boxicity k if it is the intersection graph of multidimensional boxes of dimension k, but not of any smaller dimension.
Crossing Numbers of Graphs is a book in mathematics, on the minimum number of edge crossings needed in graph drawings. It was written by Marcus Schaefer, a professor of computer science at DePaul University , and published in 2018 by the CRC Press in their book series Discrete Mathematics and its Applications.
The formula for calculating it can be derived and expressed in several ways. Knowing the shortest distance from a point to a line can be useful in various situations—for example, finding the shortest distance to reach a road, quantifying the scatter on a graph, etc.
Assume that we want to find intersection of two infinite lines in 2-dimensional space, defined as a 1 x + b 1 y + c 1 = 0 and a 2 x + b 2 y + c 2 = 0. We can represent these two lines in line coordinates as U 1 = (a 1, b 1, c 1) and U 2 = (a 2, b 2, c 2). The intersection P′ of two lines is then simply given by [4]
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