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  2. Transfer RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_RNA

    In the A/T site, the A-site half resides in the small ribosomal subunit where the mRNA decoding site is located. The mRNA decoding site is where the mRNA codon is read out during translation. The T-site half resides mainly on the large ribosomal subunit where EF-Tu or eEF-1 interacts with the ribosome.

  3. Cloverleaf model of tRNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloverleaf_model_of_tRNA

    Secondary cloverleaf structure of tRNA Phe from yeast.. The cloverleaf model of tRNA is a model that depicts the molecular structure of tRNA. [1] The model revealed that the chain of tRNA consists of two ends—sometimes called "business ends"—and three arms.

  4. Aminoacyl-tRNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacyl-tRNA

    Research into the stability of aa-tRNAs illustrates that the acyl (or ester) linkage is the most important conferring factor, as opposed to the sequence of the tRNA itself. This linkage is an ester bond that chemically binds the carboxyl group of an amino acid to the terminal 3'-OH group of its cognate tRNA. [ 7 ]

  5. List of RNAs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_RNAs

    Small RNA that is activated by SgrR in Escherichia coli during glucose-phosphate stress shRNA: short hairpin RNA - siRNA: small interfering RNA - SL RNA spliced leader RNA multiple families: SmY RNA: mRNA trans-splicing RF01844: Small nuclear RNAs found in some species of nematode worms, thought to be involved in mRNA trans-splicing snoRNA ...

  6. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacyl_tRNA_synthetase

    The synthetase first binds ATP and the corresponding amino acid (or its precursor) to form an aminoacyl-adenylate, releasing inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi).The adenylate-aaRS complex then binds the appropriate tRNA molecule's D arm, and the amino acid is transferred from the aa-AMP to either the 2'- or the 3'-OH of the last tRNA nucleotide (A76) at the 3'-end.

  7. tRNA nucleotidyltransferase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRNA_nucleotidyltransferase

    In eukaryotes, multiple forms of tRNA nucleotidyltransferases are synthesized from a single gene and are distributed to different subcellular compartments in the cell. There are multiple in-frame start codons which allow for the production of variant forms of the enzyme containing different targeting information predominantly found in the N ...

  8. Amino acid activation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_activation

    Amino acid activation (also known as aminoacylation or tRNA charging) refers to the attachment of an amino acid to its respective transfer RNA (tRNA). The reaction occurs in the cell cytosol and consists of two steps: first, the enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthetase catalyzes the binding of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a corresponding amino acid, forming a reactive aminoacyl adenylate ...

  9. T-box leader - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-box_leader

    [1] [2] The uncharged tRNA acts as the effector for transcription antitermination of genes in the T-box leader family. [3] [4] [5] The anticodon of a specific tRNA base pairs to a specifier sequence within the T-box motif, and the NCCA acceptor tail of the tRNA base pairs to a conserved bulge in the T-box antiterminator hairpin. [6]