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  2. Aseptic processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aseptic_processing

    Equipment used in aseptic processing of food and beverages must be sterilized before processing and remain sterile during processing. [1] When designing aseptic processing equipment there are six basic requirements to consider: the equipment must have the capability of being cleaned thoroughly, it must be able to be sterilized with steam, chemicals, or high-temperature water, sterilization ...

  3. Dextrin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dextrin

    Dextrins are mixtures of polymers of D-glucose units linked by α-(1→4) or α-(1→6) glycosidic bonds. Dextrins can be produced from starch using enzymes like amylases, as during digestion in the human body and during malting and mashing in beer brewing [3] or by applying dry heat under acidic conditions (pyrolysis or roasting).

  4. Maltodextrin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltodextrin

    Digestion-resistant maltodextrins are manufactured by a process superficially similar to that for digestible maltodextrins. [3] [7] A food starch is exposed to a combination of heat, acid and enzymes before purification. [3] [7] Part of the process deliberately resembles human digestion – thus, the result is digestion-resistant by design.

  5. Resistant starch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistant_starch

    Processing may affect the natural resistant starch content of foods. In general, processes that break down structural barriers to digestion reduce resistant starch content, with greater reductions resulting from processing. [45] Whole grain wheat may contain as high as 14% resistant starch, while milled wheat flour may contain only 2%. [46]

  6. Microorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

    In food preparation, microorganisms are reduced by preservation methods such as cooking, cleanliness of utensils, short storage periods, or by low temperatures. If complete sterility is needed, as with surgical equipment, an autoclave is used to kill microorganisms with heat and pressure.

  7. Carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_metabolism

    Both animals and plants temporarily store the released energy in the form of high-energy molecules, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), for use in various cellular processes. [3] Humans can consume a variety of carbohydrates, digestion breaks down complex carbohydrates into simple monomers (monosaccharides): glucose, fructose, mannose and ...

  8. Human digestive system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system

    The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.

  9. Digestion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestion

    Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion. The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes.