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Jain texts and tradition believe in 24 Tirthankaras. They are depicted as five to one hundred times taller than average human beings and to have lived for thousands of years in Jain tradition. [31] [30] [32] Historians only consider the last two generally based on historical figures of the 1st millennium BCE.
Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion.Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of Dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, who lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha, whom historians date to the ...
Jesus (and the Twelve Apostles) Christianity: c. 4 BC – c. 30/33 AD Paul the Apostle: Pauline Christianity: c. 33 AD James the Just: Jewish Christianity: c. 33 AD Lakulisha: Pashupata Shaivism sect of Hinduism: 1st century AD Judah the Prince: Rabbinic Judaism: 2nd century AD Montanus: Montanism: 2nd century AD Marcion of Sinope: Marcionism ...
Parshvanatha is the earliest Jain tirthankara who is generally acknowledged as a historical figure. [7] [8] [9] According to Paul Dundas, Jain texts such as section 31 of Isibhasiyam provide circumstantial evidence that he lived in ancient India. [10]
Part of a series on Jainism Jains History Timeline Index Philosophy Anekantavada Cosmology Ahimsa Karma Dharma Mokṣa Kevala Jnana Dravya Tattva Brahmacarya Aparigraha Gunasthana Saṃsāra Ethics Ethics of Jainism Mahavratas (major vows) Ahiṃsā (non-violence) Satya (truth) Asteya (non-stealing) Brahmacarya (chastity) Aparigraha (non-possession) Anuvratas (further vows) Sāmāyika ...
Murti of Mahavira at his birthplace, Kshatriyakund (Shvetambara tradition), in Bihar. According to Jain texts, Mahavira was born on the thirteenth day of the bright half of the moon in the month of Chaitra in the year 599 BCE (Chaitra Sud 13). [2] [3] According to Shvetambara tradition, he was born in Kshatriyakund of Bihar. Some modern ...
Father Issa Thaljieh, a 40-year-old Greek Orthodox parish priest at the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, kneels at the spot where tradition says Jesus was born.
Other than rejecting or accepting different ancient Jain texts, Digambaras and Śvetāmbara differ in other significant ways such as: Śvetāmbaras trace their practices and dress code to the teachings of Parshvanatha, the 23rd tirthankara, which they believe taught only Four restraints (a claim, scholars say are confirmed by the ancient Buddhist texts that discuss Jain monastic life).