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In dogs, the minimum lethal dose of THC is over 3000 mg/kg. [20] According to The Merck Index , [ 21 ] the LD 50 of THC (the dose which causes the death of 50% of individuals) is 1270 mg/kg for male rats and 730 mg/kg for female rats from oral consumption in sesame oil, and 42 mg/kg for rats from inhalation.
A 2011 review considered cannabis to be generally safe, [33] and it appears safer than opioids in palliative care. [34] A 2022 review concluded the pain relief experienced after using medical cannabis is due to the placebo effect, especially given widespread media attention that sets the expectation for pain relief. [35]
To administer the test, a user simply has to mix the chemicals with a particle of the suspected substance; if the chemicals turn purple, this indicates the possibility of marijuana. But the color variations can be subtle, and readings can vary by examiner. It was adopted in the 1950s by the United Nations as the preferred test for cannabis ...
Tests on joint fluid may pick up on markers associated with some causes of joint pain like gout and infectious arthritis. Imaging tests. Imaging can help a healthcare provider visualize what your ...
Cannabinoid production starts when an enzyme causes geranyl pyrophosphate and olivetolic acid to combine and form CBGA. Next, CBGA is independently converted to either CBG, THCA, CBDA or CBCA by four separate synthase, FAD-dependent dehydrogenase enzymes. There is no evidence for enzymatic conversion of CBDA or CBD to THCA or THC.
Over time, the marijuana gateway hypothesis has been studied more and more. In one published study, the use of marijuana was shown not a reliable gateway cause of illicit drug use. [67] However, social factors and environment influence drug use and abuse, making the gateway effects of cannabis different for those in differing social circumstances.
There is significant variation in medical cannabis laws from state to state, including how it is produced and distributed, how it can be consumed, and what medical conditions it can be used for. [2] The first state to effectively legalize medical cannabis was California in 1996, when voters approved Proposition 215 by a 56–44 margin.
Cannabis also has a long history of being used for medicinal purposes, and as a recreational drug known as marijuana or weed. Various cannabis strains have been bred, often selectively to produce high or low levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a cannabinoid and the plant's principal psychoactive constituent .