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Gas gangrene (also known as clostridial myonecrosis [1]) is a bacterial infection that produces tissue gas in gangrene. This deadly form of gangrene usually is caused by Clostridium perfringens bacteria. About 1,000 cases of gas gangrene are reported yearly in the United States. [2] Myonecrosis is a condition of necrotic damage, specific to ...
Clostridium perfringens is the most common bacterial agent for gas gangrene. [47] Gas gangrene is induced by α-toxin that embeds itself into the plasma membrane of cells and disrupts normal cellular function by altering membrane structure. [43] Some symptoms include blisters, tachycardia, swelling, and jaundice. [47]
Gas gangrene is a bacterial infection that produces gas within tissues. It can be caused by Clostridium, most commonly alpha toxin-producing C. perfringens, or various nonclostridial species. [9] [19] Infection spreads rapidly as the gases produced by the bacteria expand and infiltrate healthy tissue in the vicinity.
Clostridia account for 10% of overall type I infections and typically cause a specific kind of necrotizing fasciitis known as gas gangrene or myonecrosis. Type II infection: This infection accounts for 20 to 30% of cases, mainly involving the extremities.
Clostridium septicum [1] is a gram positive, spore forming, obligate anaerobic bacterium. Clostridium septicum can cause gas gangrene, but unlike other Clostridium species like Clostridium perfringens, no trauma is necessary at the site of the infection. It is thought that the infection is established by hematogenous spread from the ...
A number of Clostridium species are pathogenic to humans. Members including C. botulinium, C. perfringens, and C. septicum are spore-forming and the cause of botulism and gas gangrene respectively. Clostridium cadaveris is closely related phylogenetically to Clostridium fallax and Clostridium intestinale. [4]
Clostridium perfringens causes a wide range of symptoms, from food poisoning to cellulitis, fasciitis, necrotic enteritis and gas gangrene. [16] [17] Clostridium tetani causes tetanus. Several more pathogenic species, that were previously described in Clostridium, have been found to belong to other genera. [6]
Neurological shunt infections are often caused by skin bacteria such as Cutibacterium acnes, [10] or in instances of ventriculoperitoneal shunts that perforate the gut, by anaerobes of enteric origin (i.e. Bacteroides fragilis). [11] Clostridium perfringens can cause of brain abscesses and meningitis following intracranial surgery or head trauma.