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Although most women lacked political and equal rights in Ancient Greece, they enjoyed a certain freedom of movement until the Archaic age. [7] Records exist of women in ancient Delphi , Gortyn , Thessaly , Megara and Sparta owning land , the only durable form of wealth at the time. [ 8 ]
According to Shelley Haley, Pomeroy's work "legitimized the study of Greek and Roman women in ancient times". [21] However, classics has been characterised as a "notoriously conservative" field, [21] and initially women's history was slow to be adopted: from 1970 to 1985, only a few articles on ancient women were published in major journals. [22]
In most ancient Greek city states, women could not own property, [1] and so a system was devised to keep ownership within the male-defined family line. Epikleroi' were required to marry the nearest relative on their father's side of the family, a system of inheritance known as the epiklerate. [2]
Greeks were fit to rule barbarians as the latter's ruling principle is "brawn", that is, the dominion of slavish men over women through physical superiority, reducing the status (taxis) of women to that of slaves, as opposed to the civility of the Greeks' "brains" over "brawns" rule, which differentiates between the roles of women and slaves. [1]
Spartan women were famous in ancient Greece for seemingly having more freedom than women elsewhere in the Greek world. To contemporaries outside of Sparta, Spartan women had a reputation for promiscuity and controlling their husbands. Spartan women could legally own and inherit property, and they were usually better educated than their Athenian ...
The ancient Greek legislators considered marriage to be a matter of public interest. [1] Marriages were intended to be monogamous. In keeping with this idea, the heroes of Homer never have more than one wife by law, [3] though they may be depicted with living with concubines, or having sexual relationships with one or more women.
The Gortyn law code grants a modicum of property rights to women in the case of divorce. Divorced women are entitled to any property that they brought to the marriage and half of the joint income if derived from her property. The code also provides for a portion of the household property.
Family scene in a gynaeceum – painted on a lèbes gamikòs about 430 BC. In Ancient Greece, the gynaeceum (Greek: γυναικεῖον, gynaikeion, from Ancient Greek γυναικεία, gynaikeia: "part of the house reserved for the women"; literally "of or belonging to women, feminine") [1] or the gynaeconitis (γυναικωνῖτις, gynaikōnitis: "women's apartments in a house") [2 ...