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Prior to its collapse, Yugoslavia was a regional industrial power and an economic success. From 1960 to 1980, annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaged 6.1 percent, medical care was free, literacy was 91 percent, and life expectancy was 72 years. [10] Prior to 1991, Yugoslavia's armed forces were amongst the best-equipped in Europe. [11]
The breakup of Yugoslavia was a process in which the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was broken up into constituent republics, and over the course of which the Yugoslav wars started. The process generally began with the death of Josip Broz Tito on 4 May 1980 and formally ended when the last two remaining republics ( SR Serbia and SR ...
Yugoslavia (/ ˌ j uː ɡ oʊ ˈ s l ɑː v i ə /; lit. ' Land of the South Slavs ') [a] was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 to 1992. It came into existence following World War I, [b] under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from the merger of the Kingdom of Serbia with the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and constituted the ...
The first democratic elections in 45 years are held in Yugoslavia in an attempt to bring the Yugoslav socialist model into the new, post–Cold War world. Nationalist options win majorities in almost all republics. The Croatian winning party, HDZ offers a vice-presidential position to the Serb Radical Party, which refuses.
Real GDP Growth in Yugoslavia from 1980 to 1990 A 2,000,000 dinar bill was introduced in 1989 as a result of the hyperinflation. The collapse of the Yugoslav economy was partially caused by its non-aligned stance that had resulted in access to loans from both superpower blocs on different terms. [62]
Coined in the early 20th century, the term "Balkanization" traces its origins to the depiction of events during the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) and the First World War (1914–1918). It did not emerge during the gradual secession of Balkan nations from the Ottoman Empire over the 19th century, but was coined at the end of the First World War.
End of World War II in Europe (concurrently with the Western Front) Soviet Union occupies Eastern Europe and establishes pro-Soviet Communist regimes in various countries (including Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and East Germany) Establishment of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia
From 1918 to 1922, the kingdom maintained the pre–World War I subdivisions of Yugoslavia's predecessor states. In 1922, the state was divided into thirty-three oblasts (provinces). In 1929, after the establishment of the January 6 Dictatorship , a new system of nine banovinas (regions) was implemented by royal decree.