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The crocodile icefish or white-blooded fish comprise a family (Channichthyidae) of notothenioid fish found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica. They are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin in their blood as adults. [ 2 ] Icefish populations are known to reside in the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean, as well as ...
The blackfin icefish takes between 5 and 7 years to reach reproductive age, and it expends a large amount of energy when it comes to reproducing and parenting. Females typically spawn large, slow-developing embryos that are up to 5 mm in diameter. [18] However, the large yolky eggs mean that females rarely produce over 10,000 eggs per spawning. [5]
Neopagetopsis ionah. Nybelin, 1947. Jonah's icefish (Neopagetopsis ionah) is a benthopelagic species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Channichthyidae, the crocodile icefishes. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Neopagetopsis. It is found in the Southern Ocean at depths of from 20 to 900 metres (66 to 2,953 ft).
Champsocephalus esox is found at depths of 50–250 m (160–820 ft) in the oceans off Patagonia, the Falklands and rarely South Georgia. [2] It is the only species of crocodile icefish found north of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone, with only 3 specimens reported south of the CCAMLR area [6]
The loss of hemoglobin is partially compensated in these species by the presence of a large, slow-beating heart and enlarged blood vessels that transport a large volume of blood under low pressure to enhance cardiac output. [17] [19] Despite these compensations, the loss of globin proteins still results in reduced physiological performance. [17]
[2] [3] [4] Their eyes are of medium size and are set towards the top of the head, indicating that they catch prey by moving into the water column from the seafloor. [2] [3] [4] The mouth is large in comparison to size of the body. [2] [3] [4] The spiny dorsal fin is placed halfway down the body and is detached from the soft dorsal fin.
Image credits: unusuals86 Called lunge feeding, it allows blue whales to consume a large amount of food at a time, providing the nutrients and energy needed to reach such enormous size.
Cryodraco antarcticus feeds on fishes and krill (studies from 1982 to 1984 revealed mostly fishes and Antarctic krill).The larvae have a long late winter pelagic phase. [1] It is closely related to the blackfin icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus) but differs in a number of meristic characteristics.