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  2. Input/output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output

    Devices for communication between computers, such as modems and network cards, typically perform both input and output operations. Any interaction with the system by an interactor is an input and the reaction the system responds is called the output. The designation of a device as either input or output depends on perspective.

  3. Memory-mapped I/O and port-mapped I/O - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory-mapped_I/O_and_port...

    Memory-mapped I/O is preferred in IA-32 and x86-64 based architectures because the instructions that perform port-based I/O are limited to one register: EAX, AX, and AL are the only registers that data can be moved into or out of, and either a byte-sized immediate value in the instruction or a value in register DX determines which port is the source or destination port of the transfer.

  4. Input device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input_device

    In some cases, an audio output device can be used as an input device, in order to capture produced sound. Audio input devices allow a user to send audio info to a computer for processing, recording, or carrying out commands. Devices such as microphones allow users to speak to the computer in order to record a voice message or navigate software.

  5. Operating system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system

    Device drivers are software specific to each input/output (I/O) device that enables the operating system to work without modification over different hardware. [ 103 ] [ 104 ] Another component of file systems is a dictionary that maps a file's name and metadata to the data block where its contents are stored. [ 105 ]

  6. Computer terminal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_terminal

    In recent years, KVM/IP devices have become available that allow a remote computer to view the video output and send keyboard input via any TCP/IP network and therefore the Internet. Some PC BIOSes , especially in servers, also support serial consoles, giving access to the BIOS through a serial port so that the simpler and cheaper serial ...

  7. Peripheral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral

    The computer sends data to an output device; examples: monitor, printer, headphones, and speakers; The computer sends and receives data via an input/output device; examples: storage device (such as disk drive, solid-state drive, USB flash drive, memory card and tape drive), modem, router, gateway and network adapter

  8. Output device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Output_device

    A display device is the most common form of output device which presents output visually on computer screen. The output appears temporarily on the screen and can easily be altered or erased. With all-in-one PCs, notebook computers, hand held PCs and other devices; the term display screen is used for the display device.

  9. Parallel I/O - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_I/O

    Parallel I/O, in the context of a computer, means the performance of multiple input/output operations at the same time, for instance simultaneously outputs to storage devices and display devices. [1] It is a fundamental feature of operating systems .