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This is a list of articles about prime numbers. A prime number (or prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. By Euclid's theorem, there are an infinite number of prime numbers. Subsets of the prime numbers may be generated with various formulas for primes.
In mathematics, the prime-counting function is the function counting the number of prime numbers less than or equal to some real number x. [1] [2] It is denoted by π(x) (unrelated to the number π). A symmetric variant seen sometimes is π 0 (x), which is equal to π(x) − 1 ⁄ 2 if x is exactly a prime number, and equal to π(x) otherwise.
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number . For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1 × 5 or 5 × 1 , involve 5 itself.
However, it does not contain all the prime numbers, since the terms gcd(n + 1, a n) are always odd and so never equal to 2. 587 is the smallest prime (other than 2) not appearing in the first 10,000 outcomes that are different from 1. Nevertheless, in the same paper it was conjectured to contain all odd primes, even though it is rather inefficient.
Google Sheets is a spreadsheet application and part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. Google Sheets is available as a web application; a mobile app for: Android, iOS, and as a desktop application on Google's ChromeOS. The app is compatible with Microsoft Excel file formats. [5]
Montgomery and Vaughan showed that the exceptional set of even numbers not expressible as the sum of two primes has a density zero, although the set is not proven to be finite. [9] The best current bounds on the exceptional set is E ( x ) < x 0.72 {\displaystyle E(x)<x^{0.72}} (for large enough x ) due to Pintz , [ 10 ] [ 11 ] and E ( x ) ≪ x ...
In 1737, Euler related the study of prime numbers to what is known now as the Riemann zeta function: he showed that the value () reduces to a ratio of two infinite products, Π p / Π (p–1), for all primes p, and that the ratio is infinite. [1] [2] In 1775, Euler stated the theorem for the cases of a + nd, where a = 1. [3]
Another example is the distribution of the last digit of prime numbers. Except for 2 and 5, all prime numbers end in 1, 3, 7, or 9. Dirichlet's theorem states that asymptotically, 25% of all primes end in each of these four digits.