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An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others.
Pages in category "Antifungals" The following 99 pages are in this category, out of 99 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
[18] [8] [60] [14] Following its introduction, ketoconazole was the only systemic antifungal available for almost a decade. [18] Ketoconazole was introduced as the prototypical medication of the imidazole group of antifungals. [61] Oral ketoconazole has been replaced with oral fluconazole or itraconazole for many mycoses. [61]
The general mechanism of action for topical antifungal drugs is the disruption of the cell membrane. The unique components found in fungal cell membranes are usually the drug targets of antifungal drugs, in particular ergosterol. It is a sterol, which is important in maintaining proper membrane fluidity and normal functions of the cell membrane.
Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication used for serious fungal infections and leishmaniasis. [3] The fungal infections it is used to treat include mucormycosis, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. [4] For certain infections it is given with flucytosine. [5] It is typically given intravenously. [4]
Screening of natural products of fungal fermentation in the 1970s led to the discovery of echinocandins, a new group of antifungals with broad-range activity against Candida spp. One of the first echinocandins of the pneumocandin type, discovered in 1974, echinocandin B, could not be used clinically due to risk of high degree of hemolysis.
Previously, polyenes were thought to bind to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, weakening it and causing leakage of K + and Na + ions, which could contribute to fungal cell death. However, more detailed studies of polyene molecular properties have challenged this model suggesting that polyenes instead bind and extract ergosterol directly ...
The search for antifungal agents with acceptable toxicity profiles led first to the discovery of ketoconazole, the first azole-based oral treatment of systemic fungal infections, in the early 1980s. Later, triazoles fluconazole and itraconazole, with a broader spectrum of antifungal activity and improved safety profile were developed.
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