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Croesus (/ ˈ k r iː s ə s / KREE-səs; Phrygian: Akriaewais; [1] Ancient Greek: Κροῖσος, romanized: Kroisos; Latin: Croesus; reigned: c. 585 – c. 546 BC [2]) was the king of Lydia, who reigned from 585 BC until his defeat by the Persian king Cyrus the Great in 547 or 546 BC. [3] [2] According to Herodotus, he reigned 14 years.
Adrastus (Greek: Ἄδραστος; Ionic: Adrestus Ἄδρηστος) was the son of Gordias, king of Phrygia. He features prominently in Herodotus 's story of King Croesus of Lydia . Adrastus killed his brother, unwittingly, [ 1 ] and was driven out by his father.
The legend begins with the story of Solon, upon his meeting with Croesus. Solon was an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet and Croesus was the King of Lydia who reigned for 14 years. Croesus, concerned about his legacy over the kingdom, takes the time to ask Solon who he found to be the happiest person in the world.
Croesus on the pyre, Attic red-figure amphora, 500–490 BC, Louvre (G 197) "Croesus and Fate" (AKA: "Croesus and Solon") [1] is a short story by Leo Tolstoy that is a retelling of a Greek legend, classically told by Herodotus, and Plutarch, about the king Croesus. It was first published in 1886 by Tolstoy's publishing company The Intermediary.
Delphi was declared the winner. Croesus then asked if he should make war on the Persians and if he should take to himself any allied force. The oracles to whom he sent this question included those at Delphi and Thebes. Both oracles gave the same response, that if Croesus made war on the Persians, he would destroy a mighty empire.
In Greek mythology Adrastus or Adrestus (Ancient Greek: Ἄδραστος or Ἄδρηστος), [1] (perhaps meaning "the inescapable"), [2] usually refers to: Adrastus, the son of Talaus, king of Argos, and leader of the Seven against Thebes. [3] Other figures in Greek mythology also named Adrastus include:
Gyges (/ ˈ dʒ aɪ dʒ iː z /, / ˈ ɡ aɪ dʒ iː z /; Lydian: 𐤨𐤰𐤨𐤠𐤮 Kukas; [1] [2] Neo-Assyrian Akkadian: 𒁹𒄖𒊌𒄖, 𒁹𒄖𒄖 Gugu; [3] Ancient Greek: Γύγης, romanized: Gugēs; Latin: Gygēs; reigned c. 680-644 BC [4] [5]) was the founder of the Mermnad dynasty of Lydian kings and the first known king of the Lydian kingdom to have attempted to transform it ...
Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1873). Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, Band XI, Halbband 22, Komogrammateus-Kynegoi (1922) - ss. 1972-1973