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The interstitium is a contiguous fluid-filled space existing between a structural barrier, such as a cell membrane or the skin, and internal structures, such as organs, including muscles and the circulatory system. [1] [2] The fluid in this space is called interstitial fluid, comprises water and solutes, and drains into the lymph system. [2]
The transcellular fluid is the portion of total body fluid that is formed by the secretory activity of epithelial cells and is contained within specialized epithelial-lined compartments. Fluid does not normally collect in larger amounts in these spaces, [6] [7] and any significant fluid collection in these spaces is physiologically ...
These and many other substances occur, especially in association with various proteoglycans, to form the extracellular matrix, or the "filler" substance, between the cells throughout the body. [15] These substances occur in the extracellular space, and are therefore all bathed or soaked in ECF, without being part of it.
In cell biology, it is most commonly described as the region between the inner membrane and the outer membrane of a mitochondrion or a chloroplast. It also refers to the space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes of the nuclear envelope , but is often called the perinuclear space.
As shown in the figure to the right, the periplasmic space in gram-negative or diderm bacteria is located between the inner and outer membrane of the cell. The periplasm contains peptidoglycan and the membranes that enclose the periplasmic space contain many integral membrane proteins, which can participate in cell signaling.
The space between the membranes is called the perinuclear space. It is usually about 10–50 nm wide. [5] [6] The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [4] The nuclear envelope has many nuclear pores that allow materials to move between the cytosol and the nucleus. [4]
Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. [8] Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.
They bridge a 2-4 nm gap between cell membranes. [3] Gap junctions use protein complexes known as connexons to connect one cell to another. The proteins are called connexins. Gap junction proteins include the more than 26 types of connexin, and at least 12 non-connexin components that make up the gap junction complex or nexus. [4]