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Among common consequences of complete or nearly complete pancreatectomy are deficiencies of pancreatic endocrine or exocrine function requiring replacement of insulin or digestive enzymes. The patient immediately develops type 1 diabetes, with little hope for future type 1 diabetes treatments involving the restoration of endocrine function to a ...
However, the majority of patients with pancreatic cancer present with metastatic or locally advanced un-resectable disease; [7] thus only 15–20% of patients are candidates for the Whipple procedure. Surgery may follow neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which aims to shrink the tumor and increase the likelihood of complete resection. [8]
Globally, pancreatic cancer is the 11th most-common cancer in women and the 12th most-common in men. [10] The majority of recorded cases occur in developed countries . [ 10 ] People from the United States have an average lifetime risk of about 1 in 67 (or 1.5%) of developing the disease, [ 114 ] slightly higher than the figure for the UK. [ 115 ]
A bland diet is a diet consisting of foods that are generally soft, low in dietary fiber, cooked rather than raw, and not spicy. It is an eating plan that emphasizes foods that are easy to digest. [1] It is commonly recommended for people recovering from surgery, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, or other conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract.
Surgery can include the removal of the head of the pancreas (a pancreaticoduodenectomy), removal of the body and tail of the pancreas (a distal pancreatectomy), or rarely removal of the entire pancreas (a total pancreatectomy). [6] In selected cases the surgery can be performed using minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy. [7]
A pancreatic tumor is an abnormal growth in the pancreas. [1] In adults, almost 90% are pancreatic cancer and a few are benign. [1] Pancreatic tumors are rare in children. [1] Classification is based on cellular differentiation (ductal, acinar, neuroendocrine, other) and gross appearance (intraductal, cystic, solid). [1]
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Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. [1] It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption.