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Germane is the chemical compound with the formula Ge H 4, and the germanium analogue of methane.It is the simplest germanium hydride and one of the most useful compounds of germanium.
It is soluble in non-polar solvents like carbon disulfide, chloroform or benzene, [2] but hydrolyses readily. [3] Mixed anion compound germanide iodides are also known.
This series has the chemical formula X 2 H 6.Ethane is commonly found alongside methane in natural gas.The other hydrides of the chemical formula X 2 H 6 are less stable than the corresponding tetrahydrides XH 4, and they are more and more less stable as X goes from carbon (ethane C 2 H 6 is stable) down to lead (or flerovium) in the periodic table (diplumbane Pb 2 H 6 is unknown [1]).
A notable derivative of GeCl 4 is germanium dioxide.In the manufacture of optical fibers, silicon tetrachloride, SiCl 4, and germanium tetrachloride, GeCl 4, are introduced with oxygen into a hollow glass preform, which is carefully heated to allow for oxidation of the reagents to their respective oxides and formation of a glass mixture.
Two oxides of germanium are known: germanium dioxide (GeO 2, germania) and germanium monoxide, (GeO). [4] The dioxide, GeO 2 can be obtained by roasting germanium disulfide (GeS 2) or by allowing elemental germanium to slowly oxidze in air, [5] and is a white powder that is only slightly soluble in water but reacts with alkalis to form germanates. [4]
When comparing a polar and nonpolar molecule with similar molar masses, the polar molecule in general has a higher boiling point, because the dipole–dipole interaction between polar molecules results in stronger intermolecular attractions. One common form of polar interaction is the hydrogen bond, which is also
Heating germanium dioxide with powdered germanium at 1000 °C forms germanium monoxide (GeO). [2]The hexagonal (d = 4.29 g/cm 3) form of germanium dioxide is more soluble than the rutile (d = 6.27 g/cm 3) form and dissolves to form germanic acid, H 4 GeO 4, or Ge(OH) 4. [6]
Germanium(IV) iodide is an orange-red crystalline solid that hydrolyzes in water. It is soluble in carbon disulfide and benzene, but less soluble in carbon tetrachloride and chloroform. [3]