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In chromatography, the retardation factor (R) is the fraction of an analyte in the mobile phase of a chromatographic system. [1] In planar chromatography in particular, the retardation factor R F is defined as the ratio of the distance traveled by the center of a spot to the distance traveled by the solvent front. [2]
In high performance liquid chromatography the CRF is calculated from various parameters of the peaks of solutes (like width, retention time, symmetry etc.) are considered into the calculation. In TLC the CRFs are based on the placement of the spots, measured as RF values.
The response factor can be expressed on a molar, volume or mass [1] basis. Where the true amount of sample and standard are equal: = where A is the signal (e.g. peak area) and the subscript i indicates the sample and the subscript st indicates the standard. [2]
It is used in chromatography to quantify the amount of retardation of a sample in a stationary phase relative to a mobile phase. [2] R ƒ values are usually expressed as a fraction of two decimal places. If R ƒ value of a solution is zero, the solute remains in the stationary phase and thus it is immobile.
Chromatography, pronounced / ˌ k r oʊ m ə ˈ t ɒ ɡ r ə f i /, is derived from Greek χρῶμα chrōma, which means "color", and γράφειν gráphein, which means "to write".". The combination of these two terms was directly inherited from the invention of the technique first used to separate biological pigme
In contrast to the similar concept called Retention uniformity, R d is sensitive to R f values close to 0 or 1, or close to themselves. If two values are not separated, it is equal to 0. For example, the R f values (0,0.2,0.2,0.3) (two compounds not separated at 0.2 and one at the start ) result in R D equal to 0, but R U equal to 0.3609.
The relative mobility (called Rf value or Rm value) is defined as the distance migrated by the protein band divided by the distance migrated by the buffer front. The distances are each measured from the beginning of the separation gel. The migration of the buffer front roughly corresponds to the migration of the dye contained in the sample buffer.
Chromatographic peak resolution is given by = + where t R is the retention time and w b is the peak width at baseline. The bigger the time-difference and/or the smaller the bandwidths, the better the resolution of the compounds.
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