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An early graphing calculator was designed in 1921 by electrical engineer Edith Clarke. [1] [2] [3] The calculator was used to solve problems with electrical power line transmission. [4] Casio produced the first commercially available graphing calculator in 1985. Sharp produced its first graphing calculator in 1986, with Hewlett Packard ...
The Mandelbrot set within a continuously colored environment. The Mandelbrot set (/ ˈmændəlbroʊt, - brɒt /) [1][2] is a two-dimensional set with a relatively simple definition that exhibits great complexity, especially as it is magnified. It is popular for its aesthetic appeal and fractal structures. The set is defined in the complex plane ...
For every fraction p / q (in its lowest terms) there is a Ford circle C[ p / q ], which is the circle with radius 1/(2q 2) and centre at ( p / q , 1 / 2q 2 ). Two Ford circles for different fractions are either disjoint or they are tangent to one another—two Ford circles never intersect.
A pie chart (or a circle chart) is a circular statistical graphic which is divided into slices to illustrate numerical proportion. In a pie chart, the arc length of each slice (and consequently its central angle and area) is proportional to the quantity it represents. While it is named for its resemblance to a pie which has been sliced, there ...
In geometry, the problem of dividing a circle into areas by means of an inscribed polygon with n sides in such a way as to maximise the number of areas created by the edges and diagonals, sometimes called Moser 's circle problem, has a solution by an inductive method. The greatest possible number of regions, , giving the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ...
A graph is a circle graph if and only if it is the overlap graph of a set of intervals on a line. This is a graph in which the vertices correspond to the intervals, and two vertices are connected by an edge if the two intervals overlap, with neither containing the other. The intersection graph of a set of intervals on a line is called the ...
The genus of a connected, orientable surface is an integer representing the maximum number of cuttings along non-intersecting closed simple curves without rendering the resultant manifold disconnected. [2] It is equal to the number of handles on it. Alternatively, it can be defined in terms of the Euler characteristic χ, via the relationship ...
A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]