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Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common side-effect of many cancer treatments. Nausea and vomiting are two of the most feared cancer treatment-related side effects for cancer patients and their families. In 1983, Coates et al. found that patients receiving chemotherapy ranked nausea and vomiting as the first and second most ...
Chemoreceptor trigger zone. The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is an area of the medulla oblongata that receives inputs from blood -borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with other structures in the vomiting center to initiate vomiting. The CTZ is located within the area postrema, which is on the floor of the fourth ventricle and is ...
1. receptor antagonist. Neurokinin 1 (NK1) antagonists (-pitants) are a novel class of medications that possesses unique antidepressant, [1][2] anxiolytic, [3] and antiemetic properties. NK-1 antagonists boost the efficacy of 5-HT3 antagonists to prevent nausea and vomiting. The discovery of neurokinin 1 (NK 1) receptor antagonists was a ...
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent (which almost always involves combinations of drugs), or it may aim only to prolong life or ...
Cancer and nausea. A painting from 1681 depicting a person affected by nausea and vomiting. Cancer and nausea are associated in about fifty percent of people affected by cancer. [1] This may be as a result of the cancer itself, or as an effect of the treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other medication such as opiates used for ...
Ondansetron, sold under the brand name Zofran among others, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, migraines or surgery. [8] It is also effective for treating gastroenteritis. [9][10] It can be given orally (by mouth), intramuscularly (injection into a muscle), or intravenously ...
Aprepitant, sold under the brand name Emend among others, is a medication used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. [5] It may be used together with ondansetron and dexamethasone. [5] It is taken by mouth [5] or administered by intravenous injection.
Palonosetron, sold under the brand name Aloxi, is a medication used for the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). [ 2 ][ 4 ][ 5 ] It is a 5-HT 3 antagonist. [ 2 ][ 4 ][ 5 ] Palonosetron is administered intravenously, [ 6 ] or as a single oral capsule. [ 7 ] It has a longer duration of action than other 5 ...