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The feet of an Arabic poem are traditionally represented by mnemonic words called tafāʿīl (تفاعيل).In most poems there are eight of these: four in the first half of the verse and four in the second; in other cases, there will be six of them, meaning three in the first half of the verse and three in the second.
In addition to his work in prosody and lexicography, al-Farahidi established the fields of ʻarūḍ – rules-governing Arabic poetry metre – and Arabic musicology. [38] [39] Often called a genius by historians, he was a scholar, a theorist and an original thinker. [11] Ibn al-Nadim's list of al-Khalil's other works were:
Al-Khalīl ibn ʿAḥmad al-Farāhīdī (711–786 CE) was the first Arab scholar to subject the prosody of Arabic poetry to a detailed phonological study. He failed to produce a coherent, integrated theory which satisfies the requirements of generality, adequacy, and simplicity; instead, he merely listed and categorized the primary data, thus ...
Semah often focused on literature and poems revolving the theme of love, and over the years he also explored medieval Arabic culture and literature, the prosody of Classical Arabic poetry from which medieval Hebrew poetry branched, and classical Arab Muwashshah poetry. He also specialized in deciphering texts from ancient manuscripts.
Like the other meters of the al-ʿarūḍ system of Arabic poetry, the basic rhyme unit of hazaj meter compositions is a closed couplet—a bayt "distich" (literally "tent")—of two hemistichs known as miṣrāʿs ("tent flaps").
The question of whether the Quran includes saj' has been a contentious issue among Arabic literary critics because of the worry that this would conflate the Quran with human composition. [28] Most believed the Quran contained a significant amount of saj' [ 29 ] or that it has several formal features of saj' but that it should not be described ...
Rajaz (رَجَز, literally 'tremor, spasm, convulsion as may occur in the behind of a camel when it wants to rise' [1]) is a metre used in classical Arabic poetry. A poem composed in this metre is an urjūza. The metre accounts for about 3% of surviving ancient and classical Arabic verse. [2] Some historians believe that rajaz evolved from ...
The ʿarūż [a] (from Arabic عروض ʿarūḍ), also called ʿarūż prosody, is the Persian, Turkic and Urdu prosody, using the ʿarūż meters. [b] The earliest founder of this versification system was Khalil ibn Ahmad. There were 16 meters of ʿarūż at first. Later Persian scholars added 3 more.