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Titus (/ ˈ t aɪ t ə s / TY-təs; Ancient Greek: Τίτος, Títos) was an early Christian missionary and church leader, a companion and disciple of Paul the Apostle, mentioned in several of the Pauline epistles including the Epistle to Titus.
Tacitus is not the only non-Christian writer of the time who mentioned Jesus and early Christianity. The earliest known references to Christianity are found in Antiquities of the Jews, a 20-volume work written by the Jewish historian Titus Flavius Josephus around 93–94 AD, during the reign of emperor Domitian.
Titus, along with the two other pastoral epistles (1 Timothy and 2 Timothy), is regarded by some scholars as being pseudepigraphical. [9] On the basis of the language and content of the pastoral epistles, these scholars reject that they were written by Paul and believe that they were written by an anonymous forger after his death.
The pastoral epistles are a group of three books of the canonical New Testament: the First Epistle to Timothy (1 Timothy), the Second Epistle to Timothy (2 Timothy), and the Epistle to Titus. They are presented as letters from Paul the Apostle to Timothy and to Titus. However, many scholars believe they were written after Paul's death.
In the first three lines, the text invokes Saint Titus, followed by a Trisagion ("holy, holy, holy") and a reference to Jesus Christ, Son of God. [15] This is followed by several sentences that praise Jesus. [9] In the final six lines, it quotes Paul's Christ poem, Philippians 2:10–11, in an early Latin translation. [16]
Whether Paul wrote the three other epistles in his name (2 Thessalonians, Ephesians and Colossians) is widely debated. [1] According to some scholars, Paul wrote the questionable letters with the help of a secretary, or amanuensis , [ 2 ] who would have influenced their style, if not their theological content.
The Pauline epistles are the thirteen books in the New Testament traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle.. There is strong consensus in modern New Testament scholarship on a core group of authentic Pauline epistles whose authorship is rarely contested: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Philemon.
Atwill argues that Jesus's mission in the Gospels foreshadows the military campaign of Titus in Judea. According to Atwill, this indicates that the Gospel authors wanted to signal that the character Jesus Christ, as the fulfillment of the messianic prophecies of the Hebrew scriptures, was a representation of Titus Flavius. [30]