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Student teams-achievement divisions (STAD) is a Cooperative learning strategy in which small groups of learners with different levels of ability work together to accomplish a shared learning goal. [1] It was devised by Robert Slavin and his associates at Johns Hopkins University.
Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. [1] There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as "structuring positive interdependence."
David Johnson, Deutsch's student in the study of social psychology, with his brother Roger Johnson, a science educator, and their sister, educator Edye Johnson Holubec, further developed positive interdependence theory as part of their research and work in teacher and professional training at the Cooperative Learning Center at the University of Minnesota (founded in 1969).
Inside-outside circle is a cooperative learning strategy. Students form two concentric circles and take turns on rotation to face new partners to answer or discuss the teacher’s questions. [ 1 ] This method can be used to gather variety of information, generate new ideas and solve problems.
The final presentations provide all group members with an understanding of their own material, as well as the findings that have emerged from topic-specific group discussion. The jigsaw technique is a cooperative learning method that brings about both individual accountability and achievement of the team goals. [5]
Collaborative learning is a situation in which two or more people learn or attempt to learn something together. [1] Unlike individual learning, people engaged in collaborative learning capitalize on one another's resources and skills (asking one another for information, evaluating one another's ideas, monitoring one another's work, etc.).
Make a cooperative center rules chart. At a group time, encourage children to suggest rules for working/playing in learning centers. If children are having difficulty, suggest issues such as sharing materials, respecting each other's work, and putting materials away. Display children's work.
There are multiple ways in which experiential education is practiced. Examples of experiential learning methods used include: Active-based learning – All participants in the group must engage actively in working together toward the stated objectives. Cooperative learning - students work on tasks in interdependent groupings. [27]