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In 1886 French mycologist Lucien Quélet united all the fungi with pinkish-red adnate or sinuate gills and angular spores into a new genus Rhodophyllus (meaning "pink gill"). [7] Because his new genus included the earlier name Entoloma , Rhodophyllus is illegitimate , as noted by Donk , [ 8 ] and Entoloma was subsequently adopted to cover all ...
The gills of mature mushrooms darken to pink and then red. The largest member of its genus, [ 23 ] Entoloma sinuatum has an imposing epigeous (aboveground) fruiting body (basidiocarp), bearing a cap 6–20 cm ( 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 –6 in) wide, though diameters of 30 cm (12 in) have been recorded. [ 30 ]
The cap margin is striate and rolled inwards. The gill attachment is adnexed or emarginate, gills are thin and 3–5 mm wide, essentially the same colour as the cap, sometimes with a yellow tint. The cylindrical stipe (stalk) is up to 5 cm (2 in) long by 0.5 cm thick, fibrillose and stuffed. The spore print is reddish-pink.
It can also be distinguished by its pink gills; [3] the edges of the gills are the same color as the sides. [4] Viewed in deposit, such as with a spore print , the spores are pink; viewed microscopically, they are angular, with dimensions of 10 by 7 μm .
The gills are initially whitish-yellowish, later cream-colored and with a more or less pronounced pinkish tone. They are dense and are broadly attached to the stalk or slightly decurrent. They are 2-7 mm thick, smooth and not forked. [8] The spore print is cream-colored and often with pink or buff tones. [9]
The gills are composed of comb-like filaments, the gill lamellae, which help increase their surface area for oxygen exchange. [5] When a fish breathes, it draws in a mouthful of water at regular intervals. Then it draws the sides of its throat together, forcing the water through the gill openings, so it passes over the gills to the outside.
The mushrooms lack a ring, and have an Amanita-like volva at the stem base. Some species of Amanita look similar, but Amanita has white spores and often have a ring. Since the gills of young Volvariella are white at first, they are more easily mistaken for Amanita.
The cerata function in place of gills and facilitate gas exchange through the epidermis. Additionally, aeolids possess a branched digestive gland, which may extend into the cerate and often has tips that contain cnidosacs (stinging cells absorbed from prey species and then used by the nudibranch). [47] They lack a mantle.