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In the wake of the establishment of the normal number of human chromosomes, 47,XYY was the last of the common sex chromosome aneuploidies to be discovered, two years after the discoveries of 47,XXY, [27] 45,X [28] and 47,XXX [29] in 1959. Even the much less common 48,XXYY [30] had been discovered in 1960, a year before 47,XYY.
The presentation of XYYY syndrome is variable and at this time not entirely clear. As all known cases were diagnosed postnatally (after birth), and the similar XYY syndrome is known to have a milder phenotype in prenatally than postnatally diagnosed cases, it is suspected that many cases of XYYY syndrome may be mild or asymptomatic.
Decades of research have demonstrated that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in a variety of behaviors in humans and animals (e.g. Grigorenko & Sternberg, 2003). The genetic basis of aggression, however, remains poorly understood. Aggression is a multi-dimensional concept, but it can be generally defined as behavior that ...
XYYYY syndrome, also known as 49,XYYYY, is an exceptionally rare chromosomal disorder in which a male human has three additional copies of the Y chromosome. Only seven non- mosaic cases of the disorder have ever been recorded in the medical literature, as well as five mosaic cases, of which two had more 48,XYYY than 49,XYYYY cells. [ 1 ]
In 1959, five days after Jérôme Lejeune described the trisomy-21 [3] in Down syndrome, basing himself off Marthe Gautier's work, [4] Jacobs and John Strong described an additional X chromosome in male patients (the 47,XXY karyotype) [5] also known as Klinefelter syndrome, as Harry Klinefelter had already diagnosed the symptoms in 1942.
48,XXYY syndrome is a condition related to the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). People normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell. Two of the 46 chromosomes, known as X and Y, are called sex chromosomes because they help determine whether a person will develop male or female sex characteristics. Females typically have two X chromosomes ...
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In 45,X/46,XY, most or all of the Y chromosome is lost in one of the newly created cells. All the cells then made from this cell will lack the Y chromosome. All the cells created from the cells that have not lost the Y chromosome will be XY. [11] The 46,XY cells will continue to multiply at the same time as the 45,X cells multiply.