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Diocletian's reign stabilized the empire and ended the Crisis of the Third Century. He initiated the process of the Roman Empire split and appointed fellow officer Maximian as Augustus, co-emperor, in 286. Diocletian reigned in the Eastern Empire, and Maximian reigned in the Western Empire.
From the 4th century on, Christians would describe the great persecution of Diocletian's reign as a bloodbath. [346] The Liber Pontificalis, a collection of biographies of the popes, alleges 17,000 martyrs within a single thirty-day period. [347] In the 4th century, Christians created a "cult of martyrs" in homage to the fallen. [348]
The reign of the emperor Diocletian (284−305) marked the final widespread persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire. The most intense period of violence came after Diocletian issued an edict in 303 more strictly enforcing adherence to the traditional religious practices of Rome in conjunction with the Imperial cult.
Roman emperor Diocletian, who framed the constitution of the Tetrarchy. Under Diocletian's new constitution, power was shared between two emperors called Augusti.The establishment of two co-equal Augusti marked a rebirth of the old republican principle of collegiality, as all laws, decrees, and appointments that came from one of the Augusti, were to be recognized as coming from both conjointly.
Diocletian's reign also brought the Empire's most concerted effort against Christianity, the "Great Persecution". The state of absolute monarchy that began with Diocletian endured until the fall of the Eastern Roman Empire in 1453. In 286, the empire was split into two halves, each with its own emperor and court.
The Era of the Martyrs (Latin: anno martyrum), also known as the Diocletian era (Latin: anno Diocletiani), is a method of numbering years based on the reign of Roman Emperor Diocletian who instigated the last major persecution against Christians in the Empire.
270–275) stabilised the empire militarily and Diocletian reorganised and restored much of it in 285. [37] Diocletian's reign brought the empire's most concerted effort against the perceived threat of Christianity, the "Great Persecution". [38] Diocletian divided the empire into four regions, each ruled by a separate tetrarch. [39]
Diocletian's vicennalia, the 20-year anniversary of his reign, was celebrated in Rome in 303. Some evidence suggests that it was then that Diocletian exacted a promise from Maximian to retire together, passing their titles as Augusti to the Caesars Constantius and Galerius. [ 124 ]