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The egg case is very smooth and lacks external fibrous material. [1] This egg case can be easily identified from all others in that it is the only one to have a steep ridge; giving the case a convex shape. [1] The keel on the egg case is considered very broad; representing 30–33% of the width of the egg case. [1]
A pink manta ray has been observed in Australia's Great Barrier Reef and scientists believe this could be due to a genetic mutation causing erythrism. [23] The fish, spotted near Lady Elliot Island, is the world's only known pink manta ray. [24] [25] M. alfredi with mouth closed, cephalic fins rolled and ventral surface showing distinctive markings
The reef manta ray, as the oceanic manta ray, is ovoviviparous. After mating, the fertilized eggs develop within the female's oviduct. At first, they are enclosed in an egg case and the developing embryos feeds on the yolk. After the egg hatches, the pup remains in the oviduct and receives nourishment from a milky secretion. [18]
The manta ray, here seen at Hin Daeng, Thailand, is the largest ray. Both the largest species of this order and the largest of all rays is the giant oceanic manta ray ( Manta birostris ). This peaceful leviathan can reach a size of 3,000 kg (6,600 lb), a "disk" width of 9.1 m (30 ft) and a total length of 5 m (16 ft). [ 44 ]
The giant oceanic manta ray can grow up to a maximum of 9 m (30 ft) in length [6] and to a disc size of 7 m (23 ft) across with a weight of about 3,000 kg (6,600 lb), [7] [8] but the average size commonly observed is 4.5 m (15 ft). [9]
The Manta Pacific Research Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit focused on manta ray conservation.. Based on the Big Island of Hawaii, the foundation's stated objective is to "study manta rays in their natural habitat, conduct scientific research, provide education programs for the public about manta rays and the marine environment, and to establish and promote global manta ray conservation".
The eggs of oviparous skates are laid in leathery egg cases that are commonly known as mermaid's purses and which often wash up empty on beaches in areas where skates are common. Capture-induced premature birth and abortion (collectively called capture-induced parturition) occurs frequently in sharks and rays when fished. [ 7 ]
Manta Matcher is a pattern-matching software that eases researcher workload; key spot pattern features are extracted using a scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm, [5] which can cope with complications presented by highly variable spot patterns and low contrast photographs.